I have learned most of my information from these files concerning the names of the children of William and James, as well as birth and death dates. The following is a copy of the 1850 Carter County, TN census. This is the first time I find Malachi (Mac) Scalf listed in the records.

1850 Carter County, TN census:

The daughter, Matilda, who is listed in the Scalf Family History by Elmer Scalf is said to have never married. Mrs. Rhoda Motychak confirmed this in her interview with Bob Scalf. (Motychak interview #1) This could be true for I have found no evidence that she married. However, there were several Matilda Scalfs in the area but I believe most of them can be accounted for. James Landon (Jim) son of Malachi, joined the Union forces on the same day that his brother, William (Bill) joined. (Pension application by Mary Ann Emmert Scalf, wife of James Landon, Archives of Washington, D.C.).

Malachi (Mac) was found in the 1860-1872 tax list of Carter County in District 8. The name was spelled Malakiah on this record. This tax list of Carter County reveals that a Mordicai Scalf was living in district 8 and the name was spelled SCALPH. (Carter County tax list of 1860-1872, Carter County Courthouse). I have not found a Mordicai Scalf/Scalph listed in the records of the East Tennessee area since this tax list.

This may simply have been an entry to show that the name appeared to be Mordicai and Malakiah since this was also a transcribed record. However, there were no notes in the book suggesting this.

Recalling that Malachi (Mac) had brother, Benjamin (Ben) it would seem logical these two found on this tax list were brothers. Malachi also had a brother David (Dave) who does not show up on this tax list and for good reason. David (Dave) was living in Sullivan County, Tennessee so most likely David's middle name was not Mordicai. We know of no middle name for David other than the "Daniel" suggested on the 1870 Sullivan County census and we have no supporting evidence that this was accurate for it appears to be a transcribing error instead.

Mordicai, however, was a new name and not found again. Due to the fact that Malachi (Mac) and Benjamin (Ben) were believed to also have a brother, William, my thoughts are inclined to lean in the direction that William's middle name may have been Mordicai and possibly, this was him on this tax list. A William Scalf appears on the next tax list.

The name was consistently spelled Scalf for this William, however, that is of little significance since name spellings were phonetic at that time and spelled as they sounded to the person taking the information. I believe this is the reason for so many various spellings of the Scalf name. Due to the fact that the majority of our ancestors could neither read nor write, they had no idea how to spell the name.

As we know, (at least it has happened to me) when you tell someone your name is Scalf, it can end up spelled many ways unless you specifically state the spelling. If one of the children of this early period was able to attend school, of course the teacher was the one spelling the name when the name was stated; therefore teaching the child to spell the name as well. The school teachers during that period also spelled phonetically. The main focus in school at that time was to learn to read and write, but not so much the "proper" way of doing it.

I recall my own experiences with the Scalf name in school. It almost always came out Scaff by my teachers until it was spelled out for them. Most folks during the 1940s and 1950s were able to spell their names when they started school because many more parents had learned to read and write by that time. However, most of their ancestors were not able to spell anything until they were shown how because their own parents could not read or write. This would have allowed them to see the spelling of the name  enough to know if it was spelled correctly or not.

To explain what I think might have happened to cause so many different spellings, I will relate an interesting experience that happened when I was attending elementary school. In the seventh grade, another Scalf student was also in my class. My Scalf classmate spelled her name SCALF, as I also did. However, our teacher was never able to get this straight. She would spell my name SCAFF and her name SCALPH. We were constantly pointing this out to this particular teacher. Both spellings should have been SCALF.

The teacher explained that she had known a Scalph family but had always heard the name pronounced as SCAFF. This had confused her when writing our name and she would purposely do this to draw our attention to it because she could not remember which was correct. Neither spelling was, but she apparently had a "mental block" to this. This continued the whole school year and she was never able to sort it out. At the end of the school year, I was still a SCAFF and she was a SCALPH. The fact that this teacher was also quite elderly at the time, might have had some bearing on the situation as well. Interestingly, I never knew which family my Scalf cousin came from and did not find out until about three years ago.

This is not to say that some ancestors did not change the name spelling themselves. However, I do not believe that this was intentional for the most part. I believe the various spellings of the name was due to the lack of knowledge of how the name was spelled and that also began by the first person taking information for a record if the family was unable to spell it for them.

I cannot say if this William Scalf above was the son of David S. Scalf and a brother to Malachi (Mac) or not. However, it is believed that Malachi (Mac), Benjamin (Ben) and David (Dave) did have a brother, William. This could be him and his full name may have been William Mordecai. This is only speculation however and I have no records to confirm this.

Malachi (Mac) then shows up on the 1860 census with his first wife, Diannah, and their children again. However, this time the name is listed as SCALP.

1860 Carter County, TN census transcribed from microfilm by Brenda Bishop, 1985.

Dwelling No. 408

 
I hardly recognized this as being Malachi for a few minutes and not until I saw Diannah's name and the children did I realize who it was. Apparently, Ms. Bishop (census transcriber) had a difficult time reading this microfilm as well. I'm sure the M. MC should have been Mac. I think the p.p. probably meant personal property $150. He was born in North Carolina and Diannah in Virginia. The Mary A. could be Matilda or Matilda could be wrong on the 1850 census, but I think the Mary A. was incorrect here and should have been Matilda. (See the 1850 census and Motychak Interview #1).

Although it is unknown to me where Diannah was buried, it is my opinion that she was buried in the Scalf cemetery in Carter County as was the custom of the day. The customary habit during the time of our ancestors was for the husband to be buried beside of his first wife, no matter how many times he married unless the distance was too far from his place of death. This was considered to be "Christian." For this reason alone, I believe that Malachi was buried beside of Diannah and most likely, she had no grave marker.

For those interested in researching the line of Diannah Lacey, the family of Reuben Lacy is living in home No. 407 on the 1860 Carter County, Tennessee census. He is listed as 70 years old and born in TN. His wife is Sarah and they have Hannah, Abagail and Samuel under the name of Lacy. A Miles Hutson and Elizabeth Maland are in the home and a Julia E. Maland. However, since Diannah states she is born in Virginia this may, or may not be her family.

There is a Thomas Lacy listed in dwelling #403, age 75 with wife, Abigail, age 58. Thomas was born in Virginia and Abigail was born in Tennessee. This is more likely to have been Diannah's family since Thomas was born in Virginia. However, in my experience, that is usually of little significance also and both families should be checked.

Diannah Lacey Scalf died sometime between 1845-1869, for the records show that Mallacai/Malachi remarried. Their last known child, Matilda, was born about 1845. If there were more children, they may have died by the enumeration of the 1860 census, for they are not listed.

Information concerning Malachi Scalf and wife, Diannah Lacey has been compiled from a study of the Carter County, TN census records of 1850 and 1860, cemetery listings, and information provided from the personal knowledge of descendants of this line. Other information has been obtained on this family from a study of the pension applications of James and William who were Civil War Solders in the 13th Cavalry, Union Army during the Civil War. The birth dates for Malachi and the children have been sent to me by various researchers and Diannah's age has been estimated from the 1850 census of Carter County, TN.

In order to compile and establish the proper placement of these families, the following is presented from the records of Bob Scalf of Knoxville, Tennessee from an interview with Mrs. Rhoda Peeks Motychak in 1967.

"There were 3 brothers that came over from North Carolina. Mac (Malachi) was the oldest, then Dave (David), and Ben (Benjamin). Mac and Dave fought in the Civil War, but Ben was too young. They had a sister Sarah who married Levi Taylor and they were said to be witches back then. There was also another sister I believe, but I never knew her." (Motychak interview, @ www.scalf-family.org)

The following chart will show the descendants of Malach and Diannah as well as I have been able to compile them.

Descendants of Malachi Scalf and First Wife, Diannah Lacy

1)    WILLIAM JACKSON⁵ SCALF, b. June 25, 1839, Carter Co. TN;
        d. April 19, 1927, Carter Co. TN.
2)    JAMES LANDON SCALF, b. Abt. 1843, Carter Co. TN; d. July 24, 1881,
        Carter Co. TN.
3)    MATILDA SCALF, b. Abt. 1845, Carter Co. TN; d. 1845, 1900.

William Jackson Scalf was the oldest son of Malachi and Diannah according to the census records. William (Bill) joined the 13th Cavalry Union Army on September 24, 1863 until September 5, 1865 at Carter County along with brother James Landon Scalf. This unit was led by General Shackelford, General S. P. Carter, Colonel Foster and others. (Civil War Pension Application).

From his application, it was stated that after Mary Elizabeth had died, James Crabtree was caring for William who was sick and unable to get out of bed. It was stated that Mr. Crabtree had to carry him from place to place and help him to dress, etc. This is probably the same James Crabtree, father of Martha Crabtree who married Nathan Scalf, son of Berryman Scalf and Rebecca Page Scalf.

William was around 93 years old when he died, but most of his children died young. According to the records, only two children, Mary and Modenia, survived to marry. William and Mary Elizabeth’s children may have died in an epidemic that spread through the area in 1873. From the cemetery records, I find that all the children of William Jackson (Bill) Scalf and Mary Elizabeth Foust are buried in the Scalf Cemetery with the exception of James, Loyd and Modenia. Modenia married Elic Jones and may be buried in the Jones cemetery. Mary is buried in the Scalf cemetery under the name of Emmert. Mary married an Emmert and most likely died in a few short years after her marriage. It is unknown to me at this time, which Emmert Mary married. Mollissie/Molliccie, Rhoda, Lucy (Carrie Lucy), are buried in the Scalf cemetery and the dates of birth and death match the information that William Jackson (Bill) Scalf stated on his pension application.

One minor difference of date is noted. William Jackson states that Mollissie was born December 19, 1874. Her cemetery records state that she was born December 18, 1874 and this could be a transcribing error since it is a difference between the dates 18 and 19. An Elizabeth Scalf is buried in the Scalf cemetery born February 24, 1846 and died January 28, 1921. This may, or may not be Mary Elizabeth Foust Scalf.

I have written in my notes that this is the wife of William Jackson Scalf. However, my copy of the pension file is at the home of a relative at this time and I have no way to confirm that this is Mary Elizabeth Foust Scalf. The two sons, James and Loyd were not found in the cemetery records, but one descendant feels they are also buried in the Scalf cemetery, but do not have markers.

The birth date of William (Bill) is listed in the military pension file, as well as the birth and death date of his wife, Mary Elizabeth, along with her full name. The name Faust is also found as Foust in many places. It is unclear which is correct at this time, but according to families still living in this area, the spelling should be Foust. The military pension application of William Jackson Scalf may be obtained from the Washington DC Archives.

All information concerning the children of William Jackson Scalf (Bill) was obtained from the military pension application on file at the Archives of Washington, D. C.

Information concerning Modenia's husband and children was taken from the 1900 census of Carter County where she is listed in the home of her parents with her husband and children, as well as statements from the military pension file of William Scalf. It is said that Elci Jones and Modenia Scalf Jones lived in the Johnson City, TN area.

Children of WILLIAM SCALF and MARY ELIZABETH FOUST:

1)    WILLIAM JACKSON⁴ SCALF (MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS1⁾ was
        born June 25, 1839 in Carter Co. TN, and died April 19, 1927 in Carter Co.
        TN. He married MARY ELIZABETH FOUST September 20, 1865 in Carter
        County, TN. She was born February 24, 1846 in Carter Co. TN, and died
        January 28, 1921 in Carter Co. TN.

    1) MARY SCALF, b. September 09, 1863, Carter Co. TN; d. July 24, 1884,
        Carter Co. TN; married (UNKNOWN) EMMERT. Mary is buried in the
        Scalf Cemetery at Carter Co. TN.
    2) JAMES SCALF, b. August 12, 1866, Carter Co. TN; d. December 18, 1872,
        Carter Co. TN.
    3) MODENIA SCALF, b. July 06, 1869, Carter Co. TN, married ELIC JONES.
        Mary is buried in the Scalf Cemetery at Carter Co. TN.
    4) LLOYD SCALF, b. July 20, 1872, Carter Co. TN; d. September 09, 1874,
        Carter Co. TN.
    5) MOLLICIE SCALF, b. December 19, 1874, Carter Co. TN; d. March 05,
        1898, Carter Co. TN. Mollicie is buried in the Scalf Cemetery at Carter Co. TN.
    6) RHODA SCALF, b. April 03, 1877, Carter Co. TN; d. October 18, 1884,
        Carter Co. TN. Rhoda is buried in the Scalf Cemetery at Carter Co. TN.
    7) CARRIE LUCY SCALF, b. June 06, 1886, Carter Co. TN; d. August 25,
        1905, Carter Co. TN. Lucy is buried in the Scalf Cemetery at Carter Co. TN
        under the name Lucy Scalf.
    8) MODENIA SCALF was born July 06, 1869 in Carter Co. TN. She married
        ELIC JONES Abt. 1895. Modenia may be buried in the Jones Cemetery.

Children of MODENIA SCALF and ELIC JONES:

    1) MARY E. JONES, b. March 1896; d. Deceased.
    2) IDA M. JONES, b. July 1899; d. Deceased.

In the pension application, the names of the children are listed with middle initials such as; Peter DI; (Daniel?) James SM (Samuel), etc. I have added the middle names for these children as I have learned them from descendants. Mary Ann's father also submitted a deposition on her behalf when her pension was revoked. This file can be obtained from the Archives of Washington, D.C. for descendants interested in this line.

I have listed Mary Ann's birth between 1845-1850 due to conflicting records and the statements given in the pension application of Mary Ann after James had died. She is listed on several different census records with varying ages.

Mary Ann may be buried at the Scalf Cemetery in Carter County beside her husband, James Landon Scalf. If so, then she does not have a headstone. A military headstone for James was placed by his descendants. I do not know which descendant was responsible for this at this time.

James and Mary Ann appear first on the 1880 Sullivan County census in his own home with his family. James died around 1881 and his widow, Mary Ann, is then found on the 1900 census of Carter. Mary Ann can be in the 1910 census of Carter County listed with a son, John. This could be a mistake for John seemed to be too young to have been a son and could possibly have been a son of one of her children. I do not find Mary Ann on the 1920 census. Mary Ann stated on some of the census records that her occupation was "Laundress."

The following census records show the family of James Landon Scalf from 1880 through 1910.

1880 Census of Sullivan County, Tennessee.

 
1900 Census of Carter County, TN

The families of Mary, Marthey and Elizabeth have not been listed at this time because there is confusion of who these girls married. It is believed that Marthey married a Lewis, however, due to other female Scalf names in the area, it is a task sorting out the various female names and families of which many of these women belong to and would most likely only serve to confuse researchers searching the female lines. An update will be posted when available.

In 1910, Mary Ann is found in district 15 of Carter County, Tennessee:

1910 Census of Carter County, Tennessee--district 15:

Children of JAMES SCALF and MARY ANN EMMERT:

2)    JAMES LANDON⁴ SCALF (MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born
        Abt. 1843 in Carter Co. TN, and died July 24, 1881 in Carter Co. TN. He
        married MARY ANN EMMERT May 12, 1871 in Carter County, TN. She
        was born between 1845 - 1850 in Carter Co. TN, and died After 1910 in
        Carter Co. TN.

    1) PETER (DI) SCALF, b. April 08, 1872; d. Deceased.
    2).JAMES SAMUEL SCALF, b. May 09, 1871, Carter Co. TN;
        d. September 11, 1953, Carter Co. TN.
    3) MARY SCALF, b. December 24, 1875.
    4) MARTHA SCALF, b. July 25, 1877.
    5) ELIZABETH (LC) SCALF, b. August 03, 1879.

Information on Peter Scalf from the Civil War Pension papers of his father, a study of the census records and descendants of this line. Alice was listed as Allie on the 1900 census. Her last name also appeared to be Fester or Nester, however, descendants state Tester.

The DI could have represented the name Daniel in Peter's middle name. I have learned from very experienced researchers that this was a common practice for the times. Instead of spelling out the middle name or using the first initial, it was abbreviated, ie; SL for Samuel, Dd for David.

Names of the children and the family of Daniel Edward Scalf from Thomas Edward Scalf, son of Daniel.

Children of PETER SCALF and NANCY TESTER:
    1) JIM SCALF.
    2) FRANCIE (FRANCE) SCALF.
    3) DEWIE SCALF.
    4) DANIEL EDWARD SCALF.
    5) VERNIE SCALF.
    6) VIRGINIA SCALF.
    7) MABEL SCALF.

2)    JIM⁶ SCALF (PETER (DI)⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴, MALACHI³, DAVID S.²,
        LEWIS¹) He married MARRIE (UNKNOWN).

Children of JIM SCALF and MARRIE (UNKNOWN):
    1) JIMMY JOE⁷ SCALF.
    2) MARY SCALF.
    3) CICLE SCALF.

3) DEWIE⁶ SCALF (PETER (DI)⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴, MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) He married LUCY SCOTT.

Children of DEWIE SCALF and LUCY SCOTT:
    1) DEWEY (JR) SCALF.
    2) NANCY SCALF.
    3) ROSCOE SCALF.
    4) HATTIE RUTH SCALF.

Children of DANIEL SCALF and BEULAH CAMPBELL:
    1) PHYLLIS JUNE SCALF, m. WILLIE (JR) CARR.
    2) KATHERINE MAY SCALF, m. (UNKNOWN) WHITE.
    3) THOMAS EDWARD SCALF.
    4) MARY LEE SCALF, m. LOYD CROSBY.
    5) JOE JIMMIE SCALF, m. JACKIE QUARTER, 1968.
    6) PETER EUGENE SCALF, m. LIZ CURTIS.
    7) MONICA MARIE SCALF, m. (UNKNOWN) SHEPARD.
    8) TAMMY GAY SCALF, m. RANDY WADE.

5)    VERNIE⁶ SCALF (PETER (DI)⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴, MALACHI³,
        DAVIDS.², LEWIS¹) She married JOHNNY KOKER.

Children of VERNIE SCALF and JOHNNY KOKER:
    1) JOHNNY (JR.) KOKER.
    2) CHRIS KOKER.

6)    VIRGINIA⁶ SCALF (PETER (DI)⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴, MALACHI³,
        DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) She married FRED WILLIAMS.

Children of VIRGINIA SCALF and FRED WILLIAMS:
    1) GILBERT WILLIAMS.
    2) LEONARD WILLIAMS.
    3) BUCK WILLIAMS.
    4) ERNEST WILLIAMS.
    5) DONALD WILLIAMS.
    6) HUBERT WILLIAMS.
    7) JOY WILLIAMS.

7)    MABEL⁶ SCALF (PETER (DI)⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴, MALACHI³,
        DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) She married GUY ARTHUR.

Children of MABEL SCALF and GUY ARTHUR:
    1) GUY (JR.) ARTHUR.
    2) FRANK ARTHUR.
    3) LEANA ARTHUR.
    4) MILDRED ARTHUR.
    5) MARRIE ARTHUR.

The family of James Samuel Scalf and Carrie Lee Salts/Saults was taken from a compilation of the 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880, and 1900 Carter/Sullivan/Washington County census records. Marriages of Washington and Carter County, TN. Mrs. Trula Scalf Lucas--daughter of Samuel Mark Scalf, granddaughter of James Samuel Scalf, great-granddaughter of James Landon Scalf, g-g-granddaughter of Malachi (Mac) Scalf, and g-g-g-granddaughter of David S. Scalf. Dates for this line have been provided by Trula Scalf Lucas.

Although descendants state his name as James Landon Scalf, the records show it as James Samuel Scalf. He may have been confused with his father who was James Landon Scalf. Both Samuel Mark Scalf and Eula Mae Hyder Scalf are buried at Roselawn Memory Gardens, Carter Co. TN

Children of JAMES SAMUEL SCALF and CARRIE SALTS:
      1) WILLIAM FRANK SCALF, b. Abt. 1900, Washington Co. TN;
           m. GAIL ROBERTS.
      2) SAMUEL MARK SCALF, b. October 03, 1903, Carter Co. TN;
           d. January 01, 1993, Carter Co. TN.
      3) CORDIE SCALF, b. December 25, 1905.
      4) TILDA JANE SCALF, b. December 11, 1907.
      5) CHARLIE MIKELEM SCALF, b. December 27, 1909.
      6) LOTTIE MAE SCALF, b. January 01, 1912.
      7) PAUL SCALF, b. July 09, 1914; m. OCCIE WILLIAMS.
      8) LARKIN B. SCALF, b. January 06, 1917.
      9) JAMES LANDON SCALF, b. June 24, 1919.
    10) STEPHEN (DOLL) SCALF, b. November 21, 1921.
    11) THOMAS DANIEL SCALF, b. March 03, 1924.

Children of SAMUEL MARK SCALF and EULA MAE HYDER:
    1) DILLARD HUGH SCALF, b. August 18, 1938, Hampton, TN;
        m. BETTY RUTH MILLER, January 04, 1962, Scott Co. VA.
    2) HERSHELL LEE SCALF, b. September 02, 1940, Hampton, TN;
        m. BARBARA LOU WALLACE, July 16, 1966, Greene Co. TN.
    3) ROMOLUS EDMAN SCALF, b. December 22, 1941, Hampton, TN;
        m. SHEILA MARGARET PORT, April 16, 1963, Georgia.
    4) TRULA DEAN SCALF, b. February 15, 1943; m. DONALD CHARLES
        LUCAS, September 02, 1966, Scott Co. VA; b. October 25, 1938,
        Greene Co. TN.
    5) TONUIA UNA SCALF, b. September 08, 1945; m. CHESTER (JR)
        BUCHANAN, August 26, 1967, Erwin, TN.
    6) CONNIE KAY SCALF, b. June 08, 1948, Elizabethton (Carter County) TN;
        m. ROGER LYNN JONES, December 20, 1968, Sullivan Co. TN.
    7) ROMETTA ARZELDA SCALF, b. January 13, 1951, Elizabethton (Carter
        County) TN; m. (1) DAVID SHANKLE, May 06, 1969, NC; b. January 16,
        1947; m. (2) BENNY ISON, November 16, 1979.
    8) SONYA JUDY SCALF, b. February 08, 1953, Elizabethton (Carter County)
        TN; m. DONALD GENE MERRITT, October 1969, NC.
    9) MICHAEL MARK SCALF, b. December 28, 1955, Elizabethton (Carter
        County) TN; m. DIANA WARD.

Note: Dillard Scalf is listed in the Carter County Birth Records as born on August 17, 1938 in District 3--Hampton, TN.

3)    CORDIE⁶ SCALF (JAMES SAMUEL⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴, MALACHI³,
        DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born December 25, 1905. She married (1) WILDA
        WATERS. She married (2) ROBY MILLER.

Children of CORDIE SCALF and WILDA WATERS:
    1) TOM WATERS.
    2) PEARL WATERS.

Children of CORDIE SCALF and ROBY MILLER:
    1) EDWARD MILLER.
    2) NAOMI MILLER.
    3) NORMAN MILLER.

4)    TILDA JANE⁶ SCALF (JAMES SAMUEL⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴,
        MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born December 11, 1907.
        She married ALLEN BECKNER.

Children of TILDA SCALF and ALLEN BECKNER:
    1) JAY BECKNER.
    2) MINNIE BECKNER.
    3) ROY BECKNER.
    4) DOROTHY BECKNER.
    5) JOHNNY BECKNER.
    6) PAUL BECKNER.

5) CHARLIE MIKELEM⁶ SCALF (JAMES SAMUEL⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴, MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born December 27, 1909. He married LAURIE WATERS.

Children of CHARLIE SCALF and LAURIE WATERS:
    1) J. C. SCALF.
    2) MARY LEE SCALF.

6)    LOTTIE MAE⁶ SCALF (JAMES SAMUEL⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴,
        MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born January 01, 1912. She
        married (1) JOHN HEAD. She married (2) DANA PIERCE.

Note: From the Tennessee birth records at the Kingsport Library, Lottie was born February 1, 1912---Page 410 -- Sheet No. 347.

Children of LOTTIE SCALF and JOHN HEAD:
    1) GEORGE HEAD
    2) MINNIE HEAD.
    3) LOTTIE MAE HEAD.
    4) STEPHEN HEAD.
    5) MARK HEAD.
    6) ROSE LEE HEAD.
    7) JAMES HEAD.
    8) WILLIAM HEAD.

7)    LARKIN B.⁶ SCALF (JAMES SAMUEL⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴, MALACHI³,
        DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born January 06, 1917. He married GLADYS
        HARRISON.

Children of LARKIN SCALF and GLADYS HARRISON:
    1) JUNIOR SCALF.
    2) MONROE SCALF.
    3) JERRY SCALF.
    4) LARRY SCALF.
    5) LINDA SCALF.
    6) TERRY SCALF.
    7) STEVE SCALF.

8)    JAMES LANDON⁶ SCALF (JAMES SAMUEL⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴,
        MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born June 24, 1919. He married
        JEAN OAKLIN.

Children of JAMES SCALF and JEAN OAKLIN:
    1) RONNIE SCALF.
    2) DONNIE SCALF.

9)    STEPHEN (DOLL)⁶ SCALF (JAMES SAMUEL⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴,
        MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born November 21, 1921. He
        married WILLIE BLEVINS.

Children of STEPHEN SCALF and WILLIE BLEVINS:
    1) EULA DEAN SCALF.
    2) TEX SCALF.

10)   THOMAS DANIEL⁶ SCALF (JAMES SAMUEL⁵, JAMES LANDON⁴,
        MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born March 03, 1924. He married
        FLO POTTER.

Children of THOMAS SCALF and FLO POTTER:
    1) DANNY SCALF.
    2) BARBARA SCALF.
    3) PECK SCALF.
    4) GINGER SCALF.

From the census records, I have compiled whom I believe to be the children of Malachi Scalf and Ellen Spivy Scalf. This could be in error and any corrections are welcome for this is a work in progress with very few sources. In response to many questions concerning Ellen Spivy and the possibility of her having been of Cherokee descent, I can only say that the name Spivy does not appear on the Cherokee Rolls. I have both books "Cherokee Roots" Volume I and "Cherokee Roots" Volume II, which lists the rolls of the Eastern Band and the Western Band of Cherokee. The name Spivy, nor any spelling similar to this can be found in either book. There is also no Scalf name listed. A search of her parents and grandparents may reveal more information on this.

I am no authority on Indian heritage, however, I will list a site that is a very good resource in helping to understand these rolls and what is involved in searching for your Indian heritage. Because the name is not listed on the rolls does not mean your ancestor was not of Indian heritage.

I believe this will help in tracing the ancestor you think may have been of Cherokee heritage. I will be glad to look for any name requested on these rolls, however, I am limited to time at the moment and it may take a while to answer your request. I do plan to check all names of our Scalf family with these rolls when I can find the time to do this and hopefully, we can post the names found on the rolls.

I do not discourage anyone from searching for Indian heritage as I also thought my own family was of Cherokee descent. However, it should be noted that in the region of East Tennessee many legends exist concerning Cherokee heritage. Be aware that you may not find this legend to be accurate. Please follow every avenue available concerning this.

I list these references not because I do not believe Ellen Spivy was not of Cherokee descent, but simply to aide you in the search if it cannot be found that she was. This legend existed in many families of East Tennessee and was passed down to their descendants. Some have found that it was merely "legend" while others have found it to hold merit. However, it should be noted that many families of this area were discriminated against because of their true heritage and often used the "Cherokee Legend" and the "Black Dutch legend" to hide their true heritage. I hope these URL addresses will help aide you in your research. They have been very valuable to me as well as being very interesting to read.

For information concerning the Cherokee: http://www.tngenweb.org/cherokee_by_blood/

For references to "Black Dutch" http://www.tngenweb.org/cherokee_by_blood/dutch.htm

For information on "Mestee Groups" http://www.geocities.com/mikenassau/

Malachi (Mac) Scalf is next found on the 1880 Sullivan County, Tennessee census with his wife, Ellen Spivy/Spivey and five children.

1880 census of Sullivan County, TN--enumerated June 25, 1880--District 16.

There is no 1890 census.

According to the cemetery records of the Scalf Cemetery in Washington County, Tennessee copied from the Kingsport, Tennessee Public Library, Malachi was born January 22, 1822 and died August 5, 1891. Therefore, he was not listed on the 1900 census records. His wife and children were found in Sullivan County, TN in district 16 in 1900.

1900 Census of Sullivan County, TN--enumerated June 12, 1900

Thomas Nelson Scalf has been another difficult puzzle to piece together. The name Nelson and Thomas seems to be used quite frequently in the Scalf family. I first find Thomas on the census in the home of his parents Malachi and Ellen in 1850 and listed as 10 years old and being born around 1870. He then shows up in the home of his mother, Ellen, in 1900 after Malachi has died. He is listed as Nelson Scalf, age 28 and born 1871.

Interestingly, and confusing also, is the fact that a Thomas Nelson Scalf shows up in the home of William E. Scalf in the 17th district of Sullivan County, Tennessee (Bristol) in 1900, enumerated on June 6, 1900. This Thomas N. is listed as a boarder 28 years old, and born in Tennessee October of 1871. He is a Car Repairer and is listed as divorced.

As is evident on this census, the 1900 census records will list the date of birth and the month, as well as other information not listed on previous census records. Keep this in mind when researching for it is very valuable.

1900 Census of Sullivan County, Tennessee, enumerated June 6, 1900, District 17.

 Recall that Ellen, Thomas' mother is in district 16 and enumerated on June 12, 1900 and a Thomas is also found in her home. The family of William E. Scalf was enumerated on June 6, 1900, six days before his mother was enumerated. I feel this is the same Thomas Nelson and he was either visiting this William or had moved to William's house to work with him. William's occupation was "Car Inspector." Further study of the records indicates that this William E. was in fact a cousin to Thomas. It was not an uncommon thing for someone to be counted twice on a census enumeration during those days, so if you find your ancestors in two different places on one census, don't get too upset, those things did happen.

There are two grandsons and a granddaughter living in the home of Ellen Spivy Scalf on this census and I assumed at first that they may have belonged to George, the older son whose wife had possibly died. However, a visit to Knoxville, Tennessee in search of my own lost ancestors around 1987 revealed that Ollie Scalf, the other grandson in the home of Ellen was not the son of Thomas, nor the son of George, but was the son of Sarah, a daughter of Malachi and Ellen.

On the following census, Thomas states that he has been married for 20 years, which puts his marriage date around 1890. Nancy states she is the mother of two children, with two living. There are two children in the home, Gaines and Virgie.

The Carter County, Tennessee marriages show that Thomas and Nancy Ann Milhorn were married December 23, 1891. This would have been a one-year difference in the estimated marriage date of Thomas and Nancy from the 1910 Sullivan County census.

1910 Sullivan County, TN census--district 16--enumerated May 3, 1910.

The above census confirms that Thomas Nelson was married for around 20 years if he married in 1891 as the marriage record states. I have no explanation for the listing on the census of divorced in 1900 other than the fact that he was apparently separated from his wife, Nancy, at that time and they thought they were going to divorce. As can be seen on the 1910 census, they were together. Sometime after the 1910 census, Thomas Nelson Scalf moved to Knox County, Tennessee, around the Knoxville area where he remained until his death. Thomas is buried in Lot 17---Section Y---Burial number 10750 at Woodlawn Cemetery, Knox Co. TN (Scalf Family website).

1)    THOMAS NELSON⁴ SCALF (MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was
        born October 24, 1871 in Probably Sullivan Co. TN, and died March 22, 1957
        in Knox Co. TN. He married NANCY ANN MILHORN December 23, 1891
        in Carter County, TN. She was born Abt. 1875 in TN.

Children of THOMAS SCALF and NANCY MILHORN:
    1) GAINES SCALF, b. December 25, 1892, Sullivan Co. TN; d. July 1975,
        Knox Co. TN.
    2) VIRGINIA (VIRGIE) SCALF, b. Abt. 1896; d. Deceased; m. CHARLES
        FORD; d. Deceased.

1)    GAINES⁵ SCALF (THOMAS NELSON⁴, MALACHI³, DAVID S.²,
        LEWIS¹) was born December 25, 1892 in Sullivan Co. TN, and died July 1975
        in Knox Co. TN. He married MAE STOUT. She was born Bet. 1970 - 1975.
        Gaines is buried in Knox Co. TN.

Children of GAINES SCALF and MAE STOUT:
    1) CHARLES HICKMAN⁶ SCALF.
    2) EDWARD SCALF.
    3) WANDA SCALF.
    4) GENE SCALF, m. PAULINE CRISP; b. 1958.
    5) LEE SCALF.

I have no information on the Virgie Scalf family.

1)    CHARLES HICKMAN⁶ SCALF (GAINES⁵, THOMAS NELSON⁴,
        MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) He married INA LOUISE CRISP.

Children of CHARLES HICKMAN SCALF and INA CRISP:
    1) BOBBIE SCALF.
    2) CHARLSIE SCALF, m. (UNKNOWN) GARRETT.
    3) DON SCALF.
    4) KAY SCALF.

2)    SARAH⁴ SCALF (MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born Abt. 1872
        in Probably Sullivan Co. TN, and died Bet. 1900 - 1903 in Probably Sullivan Co.
        TN. She married (2) ROBERT (BOB) RICHARDS. (Motychak Interview #1)
        Note that Elmer Scalf states the name of Robert (Bob) as Richardson.
        (Scalf  Family History)

Child of SARAH SCALF:
    1) SAMUEL OLLIE SCALF, b. June 03, 1890, Probably Sullivan Co. TN;
        d. Knox County, TN.

1)    SAMUEL OLLIE⁵ SCALF (SARAH⁴, MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹)
        was born June 03, 1890 in Probably Sullivan Co. TN, and died in Knox County,
        TN. He married LORINA WOODS. She was born January 09, 1893.

Information on Ollie Scalf was obtained from an analysis of the census records and personal knowledge from his grandson, Neil Scalf, Knoxville, TN in 1988.

Excerpts from a letter dated March 27, 1988 from Neil to me.

"He was born in 1891 somewhere in upper East Tennessee. None of the surviving children, (my aunts and uncles), know the exact location. Apparently, he took his mother's last name. Her name was Sarah Scalf. My grandfather was orphaned at 12 years old when his mother passed away. My grandfather had some half brothers. The only one that I ever saw or heard about was named Toll Kelly. He was about the same age as my grandfather. I have no knowledge of the other half-brothers. My grandfather's name was Samuel Ollie Scalf. Since my grandfather was orphaned at an early age and coupled with the fact that he did not learn to read or write until he was in his fifties, he did not possess any documents which would help us track his lineage."

Neil had also told me in his office on a visit to Knoxville that his grandfather married Loraine Woods in East Tennessee. With this information I went to the census records of Carter, Sullivan and Washington Counties. I found Ollie in the home of his grandmother, Ellen Spivy Scalf, in the Carter Co. 1900 census. He was 10 years old and this put his birth date around 1889.

By 1910, Ollie is married and living in Sullivan County with his wife, Lorine/Lorina. She is listed on the census as Lorince, but this was probably misspelled. Sarah Scalf, the mother of Samuel Ollie, had a brother Samuel. I'm sure Samuel Ollie was named for this brother.

Elmer states in his book that Sarah married a Richardson. I have not found this marriage and I have not found the marriage of a Sarah Scalf to a Kelly, although one certainly may exist. Samuel Ollie Scalf is buried in Knox County, Tennessee. The children listed below were obtained from my interview with Neil Scalf. However, I believe there were more. In discussing the family, I failed to write all of those names down. Denver Scalf also had a son, Denver Jr. These families are still living in the Knoxville, Tennessee area to my knowledge.

Children of SAMUEL OLLIE SCALF and LORINA WOODS:
    1) DENVER SCALF.
    2) SELESS/CELESTE ? SCALF.

3)    SAMUEL J.⁴ SCALF (MALACHI³, DAVID S.², LEWIS¹) was born June 28,
        1874 in Washington Co TN, and died May 05, 1906 in Washington Co TN. He
        married ELLEN ROBINSON. She was born June 04, 1891 in TN, and died
        November 20, 1923 in Washington Co TN.

From the cemetery records at the Kingsport Library, there is a Samuel J. Scalf listed as buried in the Chinquapin Cemetery in Washington Co. I believe this is the same Samuel because it matches his birth date from the census records. Sam died at the age of 32.

There is also an Ellen Scalf buried in the Jones Cemetery in Washington County, Tennessee that may or may not be Ellen Robinson Scalf. The dates for this Ellen are 06-04-1891 to 11-20-1923. She died at 32 years old.

A recent email on May 1, 2001 from Barbara Ellen Scalf who is searching for her Scalf line states the following:

"Margaret,
I really don't know if my grandmother's name was Robinson. I just remember her name as "Ellen". She and my grandfather, "Scalf" had 3 children and their names are: daughter, Tishy, Jewel or Julie, and Sam Nathan who was my father's name. I know that Ellen married a Turbyfield after my grandfather was killed. They had a son called Turby. My grandmother also had a stroke which left her very disabled.

I know there are "Roberts" somewhere in the relation and most of these people have passed away and I have no way of tracing some of what I know. My father was Sam Nathan Scalf-born 1906, my mother maiden name was Vertie Bell Arrowood from Johnson City, Tennessee. I have two sisters, Audrey Ann Galloway and Norma Lee Rice."

After answering Barbara Ellen with who I thought her line to be, I then received the following excerpt from a message dated May 3, 2001:

Margaret,
"I think you've hit the nail on the head! My father was born in 1906, the year his dad was killed by the train. His mother died young and she did remarry. This all happened in or around Johnson City or Elizabethton. I don't even know if my father knew where his parents were buried. He was very young when his Mom died."

In an interview with Neil Scalf of Knoxville, TN in 1989, Neil stated that he recalled his grandfather, Ollie Scalf, stating that a cousin, Samuel Scalf of the Johnson City, TN area was killed by a train. This appears to be the Samuel that Ollie Scalf related to his grandson, Neil.

1900 census of Sullivan Co. TN---District 16--enumerated June 14, 1900.

I believe this to be Samuel, the son of Malachi and Ellen. From the Chinquapin Cemetery records is a Samuel J. Scalf born June 28, 1874 and died May 5, 1906 at the age of 32, whom I believe to be this same Samuel. If so, then this Samuel Scalf is buried at the Chinquapin Cemetery, Washington County, TN.

Ellen's maiden name was obtained from the Scalf Family History and from the Motychak interview #1.

Children of SAMUEL SCALF and ELLEN ROBINSON:

    1) SAMUEL NATHAN SCALF, b. 1906, Washington Co TN.
    2) TISHY SCALF.
    3) JEWEL (JULIA?) SCALF.

1)    SAMUEL NATHAN⁵ SCALF (SAMUEL J.⁴, MALACHI³, DAVID S.²,
        LEWIS¹) was born 1906 in Washington Co TN. He married VERTIE BELL
        ARROWOOD. She was born in Washington Co TN.

Children of SAMUEL NATHAN SCALF and VERTIE ARROWOOD:

    1) BARBARA ELLEN SCALF.
    2) AUDREY ANN SCALF, m. (UNKNOWN) GALLOWAY.
    3) NORMA LEE SCALF, m. (UNKNOWN) RICE.

Children of CHARLES SCALF and NETTIE CARR:

    1) VIOLA SCALF, b. February 02, 1906, Carter Co. TN;
        d. November 12, 1928.
    2) LAURA SCALF, b. Abt. 1908; d. Deceased.

Information concerning the birth and death dates for George and Lula "Loudy" Scalf are taken from the cemetery records. Lula's name was listed as Loudy Scalf on the marriage record. This may have been a nick-name. It is quite possible that Lula's maiden name could have been Loudy and was mistakenly placed as her first name. There were some Scalf/Loudy marriages. Further research into this family may reveal if Scalf is the correct surname for Lula. A descendant of this line might be able to shed some light on this.

George and Lula (Loudy) are buried in the Jones Cemetery in Washington County, Tennessee. Reference for the death date of Lula Scalf was obtained from the State death records of Tennessee, sheet No. 436, page number 7851 at the Kingsport Library. The birth of a Della May Scalf to Lula Scalf in Sullivan County, on March 4, 1911 can be found in the State Birth Records, # 186870. This may or may not be a child of George and Lula (Loudy). There was also another Lula Scalf and this could her child.

    1) RHUDA SCALF, b. Abt. 1902, Washington Co TN; d. Deceased.
    2) EDWARD SCALF, b. Abt. 1906; d. Deceased.

Children of RHUDA SCALF and BESSIE MORRIS:

    1) EDWARD ANDERSON SCALF, b. 1921, Washington Co TN;
        d. October 20, 1999, Washington Co TN.
    2) GERALDINE SCALF, m. (UNKNOWN) GRINDSTAFF.
    3) SAM SCALF.

OBITUARY of EDWARD ANDERSON SCALF:

SCALF, EDWARD ANDERSON Edward Anderson Scalf, 78, died Wednesday, Oct. 20, 1999, in James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Mountain Home, TN. He was born in Bluff City, a son of the late Rhuda Scalf and Bessie Morris Scalf, and lived in Bluff City and Elizabethton all of his life. He was a U.S. Army veteran of World War II and a member of Bunker Hill Christian Church. Surviving are four daughters, Glendora Maines and Loretta Kaylor, both of Bluff City, Charlene Miller of Bristol TN and Vanessa Smith of Bristol VA; a son, Jeffrey Carr of Bluff City; a sister, Geraldine Grindstaff of Johnson City; a brother, Sam Scalf of Johnson City; seven grandchildren; three great-grandchildren; and several nieces and nephews. Funeral services will be conducted Saturday at 11 a.m. in Oakley-Cook Funeral Home. Ernie DePew will officiate. Burial will be in Jones Cemetery with military graveside rites by Patton-Crosswhite VFW Post 6975. Pallbearers will be family and friends. Special thanks from the family to the staff of James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Nursing Home Care Unit. The family will receive friends immediately before the service Saturday in the funeral home and at other times at the home of Glendora Maines, 845 Bunker Hill Road in Bluff City. In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be sent to Jones Cemetery Fund, c/o Edward Perry, 875 Bunker Hill Road, Bluff City, TN 37618. BRISTOL HERALD COURIER OCT. 22, 1999

Funeral services for Edward Anderson Scalf will be conducted Saturday at 11 a.m. in Oakley-Cook Funeral Home. Ernie DePew will officiate. Burial will be in Jones Cemetery with military graveside rites by Patton-Crosswhite VFW Post 6975. Mr. Scalf, 78, died Wednesday, Oct. 20, 1999, in James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Mountain Home, Tenn. The family will receive friends immediately before the service Saturday in the funeral home and at other times at the home of Glendora Maines, 845 Bunker Hill Road in Bluff City. Oakley-Cook Funeral Home is in charge of arrangements. BRISTOL HERALD COURIER OCT 23, 1999

In conclusion to the family of Malachi Scalf, I would like to reiterate that many of these names were taken from the census records of Sullivan, Carter and Washington Counties and marriage records of Carter, Sullivan and Washington County, Tennessee. Due to this fact, many of these names may be misspelled. If you find your family here and the name is not spelled as you know it to be, please let us know so we can correct it. If birth dates, death dates, marriage dates or anything conflicts with your information, please let us know for we are trying to compile an accurate history of our family. This can only be accomplished with your help!  I would like to acknowledge that information was contributed on descendants of Malachi Scalf by: James Garrett, Steven Miller, Anajune Jambor, Barbara Ellen Scalf, Trula Scalf Lucas, Bob Scalf and Neil Scalf.

Copyright (C) 2001-2008 by Margaret Fleenor, All Rights Reserved.